In the 1920s, the Soviets provided support to organize urban workers in China’s wealthier coastal cities, but these efforts were violently crushed. Mao Zedong, by contrast, wanted to unite the country’s poverty-stricken peasant population and began to enact his plan in the 1930s. His view of revolution differed from what had occurred in Russia’s communist revolution, where peasants were viewed as secondary in importance to workers in industry.
Mao’s decision was critical to the ultimate success of the Chinese Communist Party. It’s crucial to understand that China is an extremely large country, and in the early twentieth century, it had been divided into spheres of influence by Western powers and Japan. Any effort to start a communist revolution would have to unify hundreds of millions of people. By focusing on the rural population, he was concentrating his efforts on the most people. In 1930, China's population was roughly 500 million, and it was overwhelmingly rural. By working to improve peasants' quality of life, Mao won them to the communist cause and ultimately prevailed in establishing a unified communist country in 1949.
It's doubtful that such a strategy would have been successful in the US or Britain. When Mao began his revolution in the 1930s, both the US and Britain were already industrialized countries that had higher urban populations than rural. Additionally, both the US and Britain had well-established centralized governments that likely would have been more effective at resisting a revolution. Mao had the luxury of operating in a fragmented country with no centralized government.
http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/china_1900_farmers.htm
Thursday, September 27, 2018
Describe and analyze Mao’s philosophy of revolution. Was it applicable to China? Would it have been applicable to Britain or the United States?
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