What literary devices are used?

One of the chief literary devices Hemingway uses in "Hills like White Elephants" is dialogue. The story consists almost entirely of a dialogue between a man and woman waiting for a train. We never get inside the minds of the two characters, so we have to piece together what they are feeling from what they say to each other and, more importantly, from how each one reacts to what the other says. For example, when Jig says

Everything tastes of licorice. Especially all the things you've waited so long for, like absinthe.

The reader doesn't know that she is speaking sarcastically until the man responds:

Oh, cut it out.

The dialogue communicates the tension and anger the couple is experiencing.
Another literary device Hemingway employs is repetition. The characters are constantly repeating what each other says. They also keep repeating what they themselves have already said. For example, the man keeps repeating that the abortion is "perfectly simple" and "I don't want you to do anything that you don't want to do." The repetition makes his statements seem phony and hollow. The man, for example, repeats the two statements just mentioned so many times that it comes across as if he is trying to convince himself of their truth. The repetition communicates that the abortion will not be simple and that he doesn't only want what Jin wants. In this way, the repetition leads to irony, in which each person is saying the opposite of what they really mean.The repetition also suggests that the couple are caught in an endless cycle that is getting them nowhere. The relationship isn't progressing, just going around and around over the same tired ground.
Hemingway employs minimalism in this story. Hemingway does not provide adjectives or adverbs unless absolutely necessary. He doesn't interpret for us what the two characters mean when they speak, leaving it us to up to interpret. This minimalism creates a sense of objectivity and a deadpan tone, as if the narrator is reporting only the facts. The minimalism also leaves us with the sense of something missing, which mirrors the sense of emptiness in the relationship we are witnessing.
The setting also functions as a literary device. The couple is stuck waiting in train station, caught in limbo, between Madrid and Barcelona. This, like the use of repetition, symbolizes the way their relationship is stuck.