College Algebra, Chapter 10, 10.4, Section 10.4, Problem 12

Five independent trials of a binomial experiment with probability of success $p=0.7$ and probability of failure $q = 0.3$ are performed. Find the probability of each event.

At most two failures

Recall that the formula for the binomial probability is given by

$C(n,r) p^r q^{n-r}$

If the event should have at most two failures, then it means that the event must have at least three successes. Thus, we have


$
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}

P(\text{At least three successes}) =& P (\text{exactly 3 successes}) + P(\text{exactly 4 successes}) + P(\text{exactly 5 successes})
\\
\\
=& C(5,3) (0.7)^3 (0.3)^{5-3} + C(5,4) (0.7)^4 (0.3)^{5-4} + C(5,5)(0.7)^5 (0.3)^{5-5}
\\
\\
=& 0.3087 + 0.36015 + 0.16807
\\
\\
=& 0.83692

\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
$