Think of all the things Gulliver learns about the Lilliputians. What is your opinion of these little people?

Swift uses the physical smallness of the Lilliputians as a metaphor of their smallness of mind. They tend to obsess over trivial issues, the most striking instance probably being the dispute about the proper way to crack an egg. Yet the Lilliputians at first appear merely silly, not evil. The pettiness reaches a level of personal cruelty when Gulliver is sentenced to be blinded for the "indecency" of having urinated in public in order to extinguish a fire. Gulliver has merely tried to do good, to help the Lilliputians, but he is condemned for his attempt. At this point, any sympathy the reader might have for the Lilliputians vanishes, as Gulliver is lucky to escape from their realm before the sentence is carried out.
The Lilliputian episode, like Gulliver's Travels as a whole, is a parable, a satire on various aspects of the actual world of human beings. The pettiness of the Lilliputians' disputes is an exaggerated version of the disagreements within England and Europe over religious and political issues. Swift's point is that it is only when these disputes result in cruelty, persecution, and war—which they do—that one can see how destructive they are. In the real world, such results viewed objectively inevitably have a bearing on how we regard the people who engage in disputes about trivial matters. Similarly, it's difficult to view the Lilliputians in a positive light once we see that their thinking is more than merely silly and leads to cruelty, warfare, and the wish to conquer the land of Blefuscu, just as the countries of Europe made war regularly against each other and colonized lands outside Europe.

Jonathan Swift satirizes English society—particularly the political and theological disputes of his own period—through his description of the Lilliputians.
Gulliver learns that despite their miniature stature, Lilliputians are extremely arrogant, pretentious, greedy, aggressive individuals, which ironically makes them completely human. The Lilliputian politicians are split into two factions, the Low-heelers and High-heelers, which satirizes the Whig and Tory political parties in England. Politicians are forced to perform dangerous stunts, in the form of rope-dancing, to retain their political office.
The Lilliputians are also engaged in a continual war with the Blefuscudians over a theological difference regarding what end of an egg one should break first. The debate between the Big-Endians and Small-Endians satirizes the religious schism between the Protestants and Catholics.
Gulliver also learns that the Lilliputians are treacherous, brutal individuals who are unabashed hypocrites. When the Lilliputian Emperor decides to blind and starve Gulliver, he is praised as being merciful and benevolent. Overall, the Lilliputians are portrayed as corrupt, competitive individuals who are callous and treacherous at their core.