How do I effectively introduce an article title in a critical argumentative essay?

In any academic paper, article titles should be introduced in quotation marks. It is okay to use ellipses in the article title if you feel that it disrupts the flow (as long as you cite the full title in your works cited page). Since you're writing an argumentative paper, you should make sure that your sources are reliable. Facts—objective and verifiable—will best support your argument.
If you mention the publication source of the article—The New York Times, The Washington Post, etc.—in the text, make sure it's in italics. As far as your works cited page, make sure you are consistent with whatever format you choose (MLA, Chicago, etc.).