Wednesday, May 10, 2017

Explicate the poem "Names" by Roberg Hayden. Below is a link to the poem.

Hayden’s poem deals with time, language, and identity through names. It begins by discussing the challenges associated with taunting names he faced in childhood. The names that the author was called were transformed into legendary names of works of fiction, which helped reconcile the trouble and pain caused by this torment of naming.
By age 40, Hayden feels no different as he discovers anew the treachery of names. He realizes that his name was simply passed on and now questions his own 'unique' identity. He feels betrayed by his namesake and family history, which seems to vanish into thin air. The stories of the past no longer make him feel better in adulthood, as they had in his childhood.
His own name, now a published poet, becomes undermined, based on a new legal finding. Through the third stanza, Hayden addresses the inequity he faced as an African American in the history of American slavery. He realizes his name was false, or a slave name, and that he legally no longer could hold on to his concrete identity that he had established, through writing under his birth name. He ends the poem on this note: his identity is just as much a fiction as the characters whose name had soothed him in youth, and he becomes one of these characters. Hayden discovers anew the treacherous, ‘ghost’-like quality of names and their significance, questioning life’s fleeting nature and the arbitrary choice or meanings of his and all names.


In this poem, Hayden explains his changing relationship with names. In the first stanza, names are the cruel taunts that other children hurled at him. This includes "Four Eyes," which refers to someone who wears glasses. By assuming the name others called him, "Old Four Eyes," the poet notes that he is able to escape into fiction, including Tom Swift and Kubla Khan. Tom Swift is the name of the hero of adventure novels for children, and Kubla Khan is the subject of a poem by Coleridge. 
In the middle stanza, the author discovers that the name he has always thought was his is not his name at all. By repeating the word "I" at the beginning of two lines, he is trying to assert or find his identity in the midst of his confusion over his name. His elders, "the old ones," lied to him about his name, but they are dead now.
In the third stanza, "the name on the books" is a bit ambiguous. It could stand for his father's name in a birth certificate or his own name on the books he has written. That name is dead to him, and he compares it to the life his mother left. The poet then tells a complicated and gut-wrenching story about his mother having to leave. The poet is cut off from this life; he does not exist in the sense that his name is potentially not his own. The poet uses existence in an ironic way here, as he clearly does exist. He then questions his existence and wonders if perhaps he is simply a ghost, a double, or an alter ego. The last line shows how much names mean, as the poet feels he does not exist without one. 

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