Discuss these four basic teaching in Confucius Analects. Filial piety, reciprocity, ritual and gentlemen.

Confucius saw his society being torn apart by a lack of rules. There had been civil wars and the social fabric had been ripped to shreds. It seemed to be an every-man-for-himself world, and there seemed to be no cohesive rules for civilized behavior.
Grieved by what he saw and realizing his culture couldn't advance without making changes, Confucius proposed a strictly regulated society in which everyone knew his or her place, and every position in society carried with it both rights and responsibilities. If everyone knew how to behave, he believed, harmony would result. If everyone cultivated his or her moral sensibility or ren, society would benefit. His ideas were accepted, and for a very long time Chinese society was run according the Confucian principles, helping China to develop a powerful and sophisticated culture. These social rules were written down by Confucius's disciples in the Analects.
One basic rule of the new social order that was considered foundational to developing ren, or moral virtue, was filial piety. This meant that children must respect and obey their elders. Old persons, especially, were honored. In return, parents were obliged to care for their children to the best of their ability and look out for them. This extended to older and younger brothers: younger brothers were expected to revere and obey their older brothers and the older brothers had a duty to take care of the younger siblings. Filial piety reinforced tradition, meaning the practices that keep society running smoothly would be handed down.
Reciprocity was the glue that held society together. The basic relationships that Confucius defined, such as ruler/subject, parent/child, husband/wife and older brother/younger brother, were unequal, but each side gave something valuable to the other. The husband, for example, might have more power than the wife, but in return, he was expected to protect and take care of her.
Ritual made the way reciprocity functioned clear to everyone. Not only did people have defined duties and privileges in their relationships, these were reinforced by rituals, which were set ways of doing things. For example, subordinate people routinely bowed to superior people to acknowledge the superior's position in society. The constant insertion of ritual into everyday life reinforced social norms and added to social harmony. Nobody had to worry about how to behave: there could be very little social abrasion in a society in which what to do was laid out in detail ahead of time.
Being a gentleman meant that people in positions of power were not supposed to abuse their roles but to behave in prescribed ways to those below them. Gentlemen were to be respected and deferred to, but in return they had to treat the lower orders with respect and follow the rules. This is best shown in the relationship of the ruler to the ruled: the ruler was treated with great respect but was expected to rule justly.
The underlying idea in the Analects was that if people followed carefully taught outward forms of behavior, the inward tumult of strong emotions that can bring people into conflict with each other would be controlled. The good of all was more important than individual rights, and each person was expected to accept and live according to his assigned role in society.