Hello!
Denote the elevation angle as alpha(t) (in radians, t is in hours). Denote the known speed as V and the (unknown) horizontal distance between the airplane and the kangaroo that corresponds to t=0 as L. Then the horizontal distance at any time t is equal to L - Vt.
This way the tangent of alpha(t) is 2/(L - Vt), so alpha(t) = arctan(2/(L - Vt)).
The increase of the angle of elevation is the derivative of alpha(t), and we are interested of its value for t such that the height 2mi, the horizontal distance L - Vt and the distance 3mi form a right triangle. In other words, L - Vt = sqrt(3^2-2^2) = sqrt(5) (mi).
Find the derivative:
d/dt(alpha(t)) = 1/(1+(2/(L - Vt))^2)*(2V)/((L - Vt)^2) =(2V)/((L - Vt)^2+4).
When L - Vt = sqrt(5) it will be (2V)/9 approx 133 (radians per hour). In radians per minute it will be 60 times less, about 2.2. This is the answer.
Monday, November 24, 2014
An airplane in Australia is flying at a constant altitude of 2 miles and a constant speed of 600 miles per hour on a straight course that will take it directly over a kangaroo on the ground. How fast is the angle of elevation of the kangaroo's line of sight increasing when the distance from the kangaroo to the plane is 3 miles? Give your answer in radians per minute.
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