Wednesday, April 27, 2016

What was Tecumseh's role in the creation of his new Indian alliance?

Tecumseh was the chief of the Shawnee tribe in what is now central Ohio during the early 1800s. He was greatly concerned about the incursions of white settlers into Native American lands west of the Appalachian Mountains. Tecumseh felt that no single tribe could withstand the settlers and the government of the United States. Therefore, he believed that it was necessary for the tribes between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River to form an alliance. This way they would be able to stand together and negotiate as a united front with the American government.
Tecumseh felt that the native people's reliance on American goods, such as tools, alcohol, cookware, and weapons created a reliance on white settlers and traders. He, along with his brother Tenskwatawa, campaigned hard to rid the tribes in his confederation of this reliance. This effort was met with limited success, especially in the southern areas of Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennesee. The tribes in these areas were less willing to sever trade relations with whites. Therefore, the confederation never took hold in that region.
Tecumseh and Tenskwatawa had better luck in Indiana, Ohio, and Kentucky where a number of tribes decided to unite with them to make a stand against white incursions into the area. Many of Tecumseh's followers gathered at Prophetstown in the Indiana Territory. Tecumseh's confederation never gained the popularity he hoped it would, though. Many tribes were reluctant to abandon their trading relationships with white merchants and were increasingly outnumbered by the settlers.
In 1811, a military force under William Henry Harrison attacked the Native Americans at Prophetstown in an effort to destroy the alliance. As a result, Tecumseh joined forces with the British in the War of 1812. The members of his confederation aided the British during the conflict. Tecumseh was killed at the Battle of the Thames in 1813. After the war, his confederation soon crumbled without his leadership.

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