Kush was an ancient civilization located to the south of Egypt in what is now Sudan and South Sudan. Earlier on, it was called Nubia. The first settlers of Nubia are thought to have been cattle herders, farmers, and hunters. After its initial settlement, Nubia grew into a kingdom called Kerma, which developed close trading ties with Egypt. During the 1400s BCE, the Egyptians went to war with the Kushites, finally conquering and ruling them for a period of about 700 years. It is during this period that the Kushites acquired many Egyptian traditions such as the worship of Egyptian gods and goddesses. Kush was able to acquire independence from Egypt in about 850 BCE. The Kushite kings then ruled their kingdom from Napata in Nubia. In about 750 BCE, the Kushites invaded Egypt, later conquering and ruling it from Napata. They formed the twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt, which ruled until about 671 BCE.
Some of the differences between the Kushites and the Egyptians include:
Use of different languages: The Kushites used the Kushite language that comprised of the Meroitic cursive and the Meroitic hieroglyphic. So far, it has been difficult to classify the Kushite language. On the other hand, the Egyptian language has been classified as a form of the Afro-Asiatic languages.
Different items of trade: Kush’s main trading partner was Egypt. This is because Egypt was Kush's gateway to Asia, while Kush was Egypt’s gateway to the rest of Africa. Kush traded gold, silver, brass, and other precious metals. It was also the only kingdom, apart from India, that traded in animals such as elephants, antelopes, and giraffes. The Egyptians traded papyrus, gold, linen, and grain for other commodities from other civilizations.
Although the Kushites and the Egyptians are from the same general area, there are some very distinct differences between the two civilizations. Among many other factors, the mummification process of each culture varied quite significantly.
In Egypt, mummification was typically reserved for those of wealth. A very expensive process, it was considered a privileged to be mummified after death. While the elite were mummified, those of the middle and lower class were simply buried in the sand.
On the contrary, the Kushites mummified their nobles and their commoners. They built pyramids of stone above the graves where they placed the mummies, while the Egyptians laid the dead to rest inside of the pyramids rather than underneath. Although mummification was commonplace for both the rich and poor Kushites, the elite were buried under large pyramids while ordinary citizens were buried under smaller ones.
The major difference between the Kushities and the Egyptians is the language they spoke.The Kushities used the Meroitic language while the Egyptians used the Hieroglyphic language.
The meroitic language was used during a specific period that was between the 300bc and c.350ad and became extinct by the 6th centuary.This language was used when meroe was the royal capital of the kingdom of kush.
The hieroglyphic language was a combination of logographic syllabics and alphabetical elements with a total of a 1000 distinct characters.Cursive hieroglyphs were used for religious literature on papyrus and wood
There were several differences between the Kushites and the Ancient Egyptians, from burial practices to which gods they worshipped to architectural styles. The Kushite kingdom was centered to the south of Ancient Egypt, below the first cataract of the Nile River, in what is now southern Egypt and northern Sudan. However, Kush successfully invaded Egypt around 746 BCE and installed their own rulers, who became the 25th Dynasty of Egypt. The 25th Dynasty lasted until approximately 653 BC.The Ancient Egyptians and the Kushites spoke different languages. The language of Kush, known as Meroitic (after the Kushite capital of Meroe), has yet to be fully deciphered; it's not even known which language group it properly belongs to, with scholars debating as to whether it fits with the Afro-Asian language group, the Nilo-Saharan language group, or if it it a language isolate. It used both a hieroglyphic script and a more informal cursive script.
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