Monday, February 17, 2014

Find the arc length from (0,3) clockwise to (2,sqrt(5)) along the circle x^2+y^2 = 9

Use the arc length formula,
L=intds
ds=sqrt(1+(dy/dx)^2)dx , if y=f(x), a<= x<= b
Given x^2+y^2=9
=>y^2=9-x^2
y=(9-x^2)^(1/2)
dy/dx=1/2(9-x^2)^(1/2-1)*(-2x)
=-x/sqrt(9-x^2)
Plug in the above in ds,
ds=sqrt(1+(-x/sqrt(9-x^2)))^2dx
ds=sqrt(1+x^2/(9-x^2))dx
ds=sqrt((9-x^2+x^2)/(9-x^2))dx
ds=3/sqrt(9-x^2)dx
The limits are x=0 and x=2,
L=int_0^2 3/sqrt(9-x^2)dx
=3int_0^2 1/sqrt(9-x^2)dx
Now let's first evaluate the indefinite integral by using integral substitution,
Let x=3sin(u)
dx=3cos(u)du
int1/sqrt(9-x^2)dx=int1/sqrt(9-(3sin(u))^2)3cos(u)du
=int(3cos(u))/sqrt(9-9sin^2(u))du
=int(3cos(u))/(sqrt(9)sqrt(1-sin^2(u)))du
=int(3cos(u))/(3cos(u))du
=int1du
=u
substitute back u and add a constant C to the solution,
=arcsin(x/3)+C
L=3[arcsin(x/3)]_0^2
L=3[arcsin(2/3)-arcsin(0)]
L=3arcsin(2/3)
~~2.19

No comments:

Post a Comment

Why is the fact that the Americans are helping the Russians important?

In the late author Tom Clancy’s first novel, The Hunt for Red October, the assistance rendered to the Russians by the United States is impor...