In Rabindranath Tagore's "The Lost Jewels", how does the cycle described here change? When he ought to have been angry, Bhusan was only distressed. Man is the rod of God's justice, to him has been entrusted the thunderbolt of the divine wrath, and if at wrong done to himself or another it does not at once break out into fury, then it is a shame. God has so arranged it that man, for the most trifling reason, will burst forth in anger like a forest fire, and woman will burst into tears like a rain-cloud for no reason at all. But the cycle seems to have changed, and this appears no longer to hold good.

In Rabindranath Tagore's "The Lost Jewels," the cycle has changed because in his weakness Bhusan does not "break out into fury" as he should; instead, he spoils his wife, believing that "to give in is the way to get." This break in the natural cycle of man and wife is what leads to the demise of Bhusan's marriage and his loss of financial success.
In the exposition of Tagore's story, Bhusan's marital problems are foreshadowed. At the beginning of his tale, the narrator describes to the stranger that Bhusan was "a modernized Bengali" and his wife was beautiful. Further, the narrator adds, 

With his college education on the one hand, and on the other his beautiful wife, what chance was there of his preserving our good old traditions in his home? 

The narrator explains that one of the "old traditions" is that the husband is the dominant partner in a marriage. The narrator explains that a submissive husband's wife is "out of employment" with nothing to challenge her nature; such a woman becomes dissatisfied and discontent in a marriage. The narrator adds that for generations women have learned to use the female weapons of "wile and persuasion" that their mothers and grandmothers have taught them. Indeed, it is the learned "force of tears, the fire of anger," and "the snare of glances" that women love to use to combat the dominance of their husbands. When they employ these talents and succeed, women feel themselves the victors and are proud of themselves. Furthermore, with this self-esteem, they feel that they can love their husbands without loss to themselves. But when their husbands offer them no challenge, the talents of the wives are not used and they hold no real position with their husbands. As a result, the conjugal ties are "loosened," the speaker argues.
Mani, the wife of Bhusan, was given things; she did not have to use her feminine wiles and earn them. And so her woman's nature became "atrophied," and along with the loss of her intrinsic feminine nature, Mani's love for her husband also "atrophied" and Bhusan's power over her was lost. So he was powerless to tell her that he needed her jewels when he could get no credit on his business debts. 

He did broach the subject to his wife at last, but with such extreme delicacy that it only excited her opposition without bending it to his own purpose.

Mani's reaction was a direct result of Bhusan's having broken the natural "cycle" of the relationship of a man to his wife. That is, he lost "that trace of barbarity" necessary for a successful relationship. As a result of his submission to his wife in the conviction that

"[I]f my wife, of her own free choice, is unwilling to trust me with her jewelry, then I have no right to take them from her by force,"

Bhusan had to depart for Calcutta in order to find another solution to his financial dilemma. While he was gone, his wife sewed into her clothing her many jewels, which had become all that she loved, and she departed from her home with "her counsellor" Modhu, who hoped to attain some of the jewels for himself.
Later, when Bhusan learned of his wife's departure, he was hurt that she should have suspected him of wanting to steal the jewels from her. When he should have been angry at his wife, he was "only distressed." Indeed, the cycle was changed.