what is the purpose of dystopian literature like in the giver

Science fiction literature allows the author the freedom to ask, “What if?” These authors are free to hold a funhouse mirror up to society and present what is possible or a warning. Dystopian literature such as Lois Lowry’s 1993 young adult novel The Giver falls in to the category of a warning.
Jonas, Lowry’s protagonist, is selected to inherit the position of Receiver of Memory, the person who stores all the memories of the time before Sameness. His society has taken away pain and suffering by converting to "Sameness," a plan that has also eliminated emotional depth from their lives. What on the surface appears to be a utopia is slowly revealed to be a dystopia. Through the establishment of this dystopian society, Lowry can warn her readers about the danger of attempting societal equality by eliminating part of what makes us human.