Sunday, May 12, 2013

What is one significant similarity and one difference between Mr. Marroner in "Turned" and Mr. Hammond in "The Stranger," and how would you relate them to terms of theme, major conflict, setting, plot, and narrative mode?

One major similarity between Mr. Hammond and Mr. Marroner is that they both claim to love their wives deeply. However, Mr. Hammond is faithful to his wife, who he prefers to see as innocent and naive, while Mr. Marroner cheats on his wife, whose strength and purpose he admires.
Mr. Hammond loves his wife. He's so excited to see her upon her return that he's convinced everyone else watching the ship is also excited to see her. Yet he thinks of her as naive and needing him to help her. For example, he thinks that if he was on the ship, he'd bring her tea and watch her drink it, rather than a servant doing so. When it's revealed that she had a great time on her trip and that she was popular on the ship, he starts to become suspicious. He doesn't like that she has a life outside of him and one that he can't control. By the time he finds out that she was alone with a young man who died, he has already decided that she can't be trusted and ruminates that the rest of their marriage is ruined because they'll never really be alone again.
Mr. Marroner loves his wife. He writes her letters to tell her he misses her and when he returns home to find her gone, he's helpless. Unlike Mr. Hammond, though, Mr. Marroner appreciates that his wife is strong, intelligent, and has a full life. In one of the letters that he writes her, he says that he's glad she wouldn't be ruined if he were to die. He's glad that she's strong enough to go on and live. However, her strength is the very thing that allows her to leave him when she finds out he's impregnated their young housekeeper.
Mr. Hammond is not confident in the love of his wife. He thinks that "he had the feeling that he was holding something that was never quite his. Something too delicate, too precious, that would fly away once he let go." This is expressed in his anxiety over her every action. Mr. Marroner, on the other hand, is completely secure. He's able to stay away for months, blatantly cheat on her, and promise to support the woman whom he impregnated. When he arrives at the house she's moved to, he thinks "she would forgive him—she must forgive him. He would humble himself; he would tell her of his honest remorse—his absolute determination to be a different man." His confidence in their marriage is what allows him to pretend to others that everything is fine even when Mrs. Marroner is clearly gone and not intending to return home.
The major conflict in both stories is the reaction of one spouse to the behavior of another. Mr. Hammond is a passive character who hasn't done anything, while Mr. Marroner is an active character who did change the course of the story. By cheating on his wife, he set the events of the story in motion. Mr. Hammond, on the other hand, just waits to speak to his wife and then fumes over what he's learned and his suspicions about her behavior.
Mr. Marroner's confidence in his wife allows him to leave her home for months at a time. Mr. Hammond, on the other hand, wants to follow his wife to another part of the ship while she says goodbye to the doctor she met onboard. Despite their differences, their love for their wives creates a kind of need for both men. Even though he is suspicious of her, Mr. Hammond doesn't indicate a desire to leave his wife. Mr. Marroner continues to pretend his marriage is okay in public and then tracks down his wife and approaches her to try to get forgiveness for his actions.
Mr. Marroner is less sympathetic than Mr. Hammond because he chose to cheat on his wife. When he tracks her down, it's clear that she has moved on and has no intention of taking him back. The very traits he admired in her are the ones that will allow her to prosper without him. Mr. Hammond, on the other hand, doesn't seem to manage well without his wife for any length of time. The anxiety within him as he waits to see her against is almost palpable. He calms himself only by assuring himself that she's there and not ill.
While the themes of both stories focus on marriage, "The Stranger" is thematically more about the obsession that one spouse has for another while "Turned" is more about betrayal. Mr. Hammond is so focused on his wife that he can't see anyone else or conceive of anyone not being excited about her homecoming. Once they're reunited, the idea of her even going a few steps away is clearly one he doesn't want to entertain. Mr. Marroner, on the other hand, actively betrays his wife despite his avowed love for her. While he does think at the end that he'll be a different man for her, there's no evidence that he'd be capable of doing so.
One major difference between the stories is that "The Stranger" is told from the perspective of Mr. Hammond. The reader can't have any idea what kind of feeling his wife has for him or what she's done on her voyage. The reader is forced to share his anxiety and worry about their marriage and whether he'll keep her. In "Turned" though, the narrator is omniscient and knows the thoughts and feelings of the three primary characters. The reader can be sure as soon as Mr. Marroner gets home to an empty house that he isn't going to reunite with his wife. The reader understands her resolve from the beginning of the story when she realizes who has actually wronged her—her husband.

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