Sunday, December 10, 2017

What quotes/ideas explain the themes of violence and cruelty in "The Lottery" by Shirley Jackson?

Most often, the word "lottery" brings to mind something positive, such as winning money or a prize. However, in Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery," the word takes on a much different meaning. Several quotes and ideas in "The Lottery" help reveal themes of violence and cruelty.
The story begins with a description of the setting. It is summer in a small village, and the author brings to the reader's attention the flowers and green grass. The peaceful setting contrasts with the events that are about to occur. Since the village is small, it is stated that the lottery can be finished "in time to allow the villagers to get home for noon dinner." The statement shows cruelty: it seems cold and inappropriate to consider whether or not people will be home for dinner when you know that a citizen of the community will lose his or her life.
The first to gather in the square for the lottery are the children. While it seems cruel and violent that children are present at such an event, the reader soon learns that children are participants in the lottery as well. The narrator shares that "Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones." By naming the children, the story brings this cruelty to the forefront, as the reader begins to understand that a child might die—and many children will participate in the killing. When Mr. Hutchinson draws the slip with the mark on it, each member of his family must then draw to determine who will be stoned. The family has three children, one of whom needs help to draw his slip of paper. The young boy is told, "Take a paper out of the box, Davy." Davy does this willingly with the trust and naivety of a young child, making this an especially cruel event in the story.
Mr. Summers conducts the lottery, as he conducts the "square dances, the teen club, the Halloween program." Mention of these more positive and happy events serves to highlight and set apart the violence of the tradition. "In his clean white shirt and blue jeans, with one hand resting carelessly on the black box," Mr. Summers seems particularly nonchalant regarding the task with which he is charged.
Old Man Warner refers to a nearby town giving up the lottery as a "pack of crazy fools." He then compares talk of doing away with the lottery to going "back to living in caves." His statement is cruel and ironic in that he sees giving up a violent tradition as uncivilized.
A final example of the theme of cruelty and violence in "The Lottery" occurs near the end of the story after Mrs. Hutchinson is selected. The people she exchanges small talk with at the beginning of the story begin to gather their stones to participate in her death. The narrator shares that "someone gave little Davy Hutchinson a few pebbles." This is perhaps the statement showing the most cruelty, as Davy will participate in killing his own mother.

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