Role conflict occurs when someone is placed in a role that has two mutually conflicting imperatives. A person in this situation often feels a responsibility to do two conflicting duties.
Many doctors experience role conflict in various situations. A doctor's primary role is to do everything possible to heal a patient, but in certain cases, the role of medical personnel may be to assist in euthanasia or even capital punishment. In the case of euthanasia, many medical personnel accept that this is the best choice for a person's well-being and that it alleviates suffering, but it still can be a difficult decision because medical training is focused on curing patients rather than letting them or helping them die. Capital punishment is an even more extreme example of role conflict, as it requires medical staff to assist in taking the life of someone who is not suffering a terminal illness.
Role conflict is the disharmony that occurs when two roles create conflicting demands on an individual and make it difficult for that individual to adequately perform one or both of the roles. There are two types of role conflict: inter-role conflict and intra-role conflict.
Inter-role conflict occurs when the demands arise from different roles. For example, the demands that arise from parenthood and employment result in tension not only at home, but also at work. An individual may devote too much time to their work and fail to have time for their family, causing them to feel neglected.
Intra-role conflict, on the other hand, occurs when there are conflicting demands in one role. For instance, if two senior managers request an employee to accomplish two different tasks in the same time frame, the employee would encounter conflict. They would have difficulty prioritizing the tasks and would, therefore, have to work under pressure to meet the two managers’ deadlines.
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