What would be most likely to happen if some of the proteins in one of the photosystems were to change shape due to a drop in cell pH?

Plants use proteins to promote cell growth and repair damaged tissue, much like humans do. During the light stage of photosynthesis, proteins containing copper and iron help facilitate the transporting of electrons between water and other key molecules.
The water in the plant is an aqueous solution that acts as a solvent during photosynthesis, and as such, it has certain levels of acidity and basicity measured through a logarithmic scale called pH (potential of hydrogen).
A chemical called NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen), which is critical to energy creation in the plant, is a product generated during the first stage of photosynthesis that is later used by the plant to fuel essential reactions during the second stage.
The first stage of photosynthesis, when NADPH is created, involves two sets of molecules—photosystem I and II—which absorb sunlight, convert it to chemical energy, and transfer it to electrons.
However, various outside factors can cause a plant's pH level to drop during photosynthesis, from the alkalinity in the water supply to respiration and decomposition.
As a plant's pH level drops, it can alter the shape of proteins within either of the two photosystems and cause a decrease in the formation of NADPH, thus adversely affecting efficient photosynthesis, and cause an increase of another chemical called ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
ATP is a nucleotide molecule, containing a sugar called ribose, that stores and transfers energy and is also crucial to the synthesizing of nucleic acids. As pH levels drop from a neutral level, the additional ATP molecule tries to ensure the plant has sufficient levels of energy to survive.
https://sciencing.com/nadph-photosynthesis-5799755.html

https://www.worldofmolecules.com/life/atp.htm

Why can't Jem accept Scout's opinion about people?

At the end of chapter 23, Jem and Scout discuss Maycomb's caste system. Jem tells his sister that he believes that there are basically four types of folks in Maycomb. He goes on to tell Scout that there are regular, educated townspeople like their family, poor but respected farmers like the Cunninghams, despicable white folks like the Ewells, and then the black people at the bottom of the caste system.
Scout challenges her brother by pointing out that Atticus has similar traits as the Cunninghams, which doesn't make them much different from their family. When Jem mentions that what makes people different is how long their family's been reading and writing, Scout responds by pointing out that people like Walter Cunningham, Jr. simply lack the opportunity to learn. Despite Scout's arguments, Jem cannot accept her opinion that "there’s just one kind of folks. Folks" because he is jaded after witnessing racial injustice firsthand (Lee, 231). Jem explains why he cannot accept Scout's view of people by saying,

"That’s what I thought, too . . . when I was your age. If there’s just one kind of folks, why can’t they get along with each other? If they’re all alike, why do they go out of their way to despise each other? Scout, I think I’m beginning to understand something. I think I’m beginning to understand why Boo Radley’s stayed shut up in the house all this time . . . it’s because he wants to stay inside" (Lee, 231).

Discuss the relationship between Pozzo and Lucky in "Waiting for Godot" from the post-colonial perspectives?

The relationship between Pozzo and Lucky illustrates well the complexities of the relationship between England and Ireland. At first glance, Pozzo (England; the colonizer) leads Lucky (Ireland; the colonized) around by the throat, forcing him to go where he leads, at the pace he leads. Pozzo insults Lucky by calling him names and threatening to sell him to a stranger in town. Lucky endures the abuse, even crying at the thought of being separated from Pozzo. However, a closer examination of the duo reveals that they are indeed interdependent.
Lucky attends to Pozzo's every whim and carries all of his baggage. This could be viewed as a reference to Ireland as the workhorse of the British Empire, providing nearly all of the food for England. (As an example, the Irish Potato Famine starved out so many in Ireland because the English would not reduce their dependence on Irish agriculture, taking just as much from the country as before the blight.) As Ireland served as the agricultural force for England, it was still dependent on England for military protection and industry.
One could argue that the interdependence between the two is only the result of a corrupting force, i.e. imperialism. England is only dependent on Ireland because it outsources its agriculture and has no means of feeding its people without them; Ireland cannot defend itself because it was taken over by force by the British military, which now protects it. Pozzo alludes to this circular fate by reasoning that he could have been the slave if circumstances were different.

How does Pip's relationship with Estella change?

Great Expectations is a bildungsroman detailing the growth of its hero, Pip, from childhood to adulthood. His name gives some indication of the role he will play in the novel: beginning as a "pip" that will grow into something greater than its origins. As Pip changes, so does his relationship with Estella, Miss Havisham's beautiful ward.
Names are important in this novel. "Estella" as a name accurately represents how Pip sees the girl herself: beautiful, distant, and unattainable, like a star. At first, when they are children, Pip is overawed by Estella, and he pursues her even though she treats him badly. Having been brought up by the scorned bride Miss Havisham, Estella is emotionally stunted and unable to love Pip as he loves her, but despite Estella's protestations, Pip views attaining Estella as representative of his wider goals in terms of class aspirations. When they first meet, Pip is only a blacksmith's boy. He believes fruitlessly that, when he meets her again as an adult who has come into money, she may see him differently, but this does not happen. However, Estella is very honest with Pip, saying that she is pursuing the rich Drummle only for his money and "deceives and entraps . . . all of them but you [Pip]." Only with Pip is she honest about herself.
At the end of the novel, after some years, Pip and Estella meet again, and Pip's attitude towards her has changed. Dickens actually wrote two endings to the novel. In the first ending, Estella is portrayed as having learned from the sufferings of her abusive marriage to Drummle; it has "given her a heart to understand what my heart used to be." But her meeting with Pip is brief, and it is clear that Pip has moved beyond his passion for her.
In the second ending, there is a greater sense of closure between Pip and Estella when they meet again at Miss Havisham's house. Pip declares that they are "friends," to which Estella says they "will continue friends apart." Despite this, however, Pip says he "saw no shadow of another parting from her," which leaves the audience to wonder whether Pip is still fruitlessly longing for Estella, who will only ever be a friend to him, or if they will finally be together.

Calculus of a Single Variable, Chapter 3, 3.1, Section 3.1, Problem 20

Given: h(x)=5-x^2, [-3, 1]
Find the critical values of the function by setting the derivative equal to zero and solving for x. When the derivative is equal to zero the slope of the tangent line to the function would be a horizontal tangent. Relative extrema will occur at the point(s) where the derivative is equal to zero.
h'(x)=-2x=0
x=0
Plug in the critical x-value(s) and the endpoints of the closed interval interval into the original function h(x).
h(x)=5-x^2
h(-3)=5-(-3)^2=5-9=-4
h(0)=5-(0)^2=5-0=5
h(1)=5-(1)^2=5-1=4
Examine the h(x) values to determine the absolute extrema.
The absolute maximum of the function will occur at the point (0, 5)
The absolute minimum of the function will occur at the point (-3, 4)

How did Hancock help Johnny in Johnny Tremain by Esther Forbes?

John Hancock ordered a silver sugar basin as a birthday gift for his Aunt Lydia.  The sugar basin was to match the creamer pitcher he already owned.  The original sugar basin, which Mr. Lapham had made many years before, had been melted recently by a maid.  When John Hancock left the shop, he gave Johnny Tremain and the two other apprentices each a coin.
Johnny Tremain was confident that he could recreate the original sugar basin.  A terrible accident occurred while Johnny was making the silver basin.  His hand was badly burned, and he was no longer able to work as a silversmith's apprentice.  His entire life changed.  Desperate, Johnny went to John Hancock for help.  He begged Mr. Hancock to give him a job as a cabin boy, but the man refused.  Johnny left, but Mr. Hancock's slave followed him.  He gave Johnny a purse full of coins from Mr. Hancock:

Johnny took the purse.  It was heavy.  That much copper would provide him with food for days.  He opened it.  It was not copper, but silver.  John Hancock had not been able to look at the crippled hand--nor could he help but make this handsome present (Johnny Tremain, page 65).

What are the types of targets and tactics used by terrorist and organized crime organizations, and why?

Terrorist groups pick highly visible targets that will cause the most damage with the least expense to their organizations. These targets are often not guarded, such as open markets in Baghdad. The ultimate goal of terrorism is to affect the politics of a country. Attacks against foreign embassies are meant to force a country out of a region or to denounce a nation's political and/or military action abroad. One reason for the September 11 terrorist attacks was Al-Qaeda's protest against American involvement in the Middle East. Terrorists have struck in Moscow to protest Russian involvement in Chechnya. The Irish Republican Army fought a long-running battle using terrorism in order to drive the British out of the country. Sometimes terrorists resort to assassination, such as when Gavrilo Princip killed Francis Ferdinand, thus starting World War I.
Organized crime uses violence as a way to intimidate rivals and to claim territory. The St. Valentines Day Massacre in Chicago is still one of the most famous uses of violence in organized crime. Several gang leaders were assassinated in this act that was meant to look like a police sting operation. Violence is also a tool used to intimidate law enforcement officials, as thousands of police officers have died fighting organized drug cartels.