Describe the different roles each person has in the society.

In terms of men, there are the Commanders, the leaders of the community and the only people who are allowed to read now. There are also the Angels, young men who serve as soldiers and guards. We learn that Commanders' Wives, like Serena Joy, knit ugly scarves for Angels on the front lines. There are the Guardians of the Faith, or Guardians for short, men who work for the Commanders, like Nick, or the young men staffing the checkpoint. There are also Eyes, men who operate undercover as Guardians or Angels to spy on members of the community and make sure everyone is doing what they're supposed to; they are like secret surveillance people.
In terms of women, there are the Handmaids, women who now wear red and have either had children in the past or are thought to be fertile; Handmaids are expected to bear children with their Commanders. There are also the Aunts, older women who wear brown and train the Handmaids; they are too old to have children but they are valued for their ability to train and discipline the younger women. There are also Marthas, and they serve as maids and cooks. Offred's Commander has two Marthas, for example, Rita and Cora. They wear a "dull green," and they are women who are not expected to be able to reproduce but can still serve some function in the household because of their domestic capabilities. There are also the Commanders' Wives, who wear light blue, and who don't do much of anything besides wait for their handmaids to bear children; once that happens, motherhood becomes their full-time job. Finally, there are Econowives, who wear multicolor stripes and have to fulfill all of the female jobs in their houses because their husbands are poorer, lower-status men.
There are also people who work in the markets where the Handmaids shop and the doctors who examine the women, but the story does not have separate, special names for these positions.