Monday, September 2, 2013

From the late 1760s to the mid 1770s, an ideology of revolution began to evolve in the colonies. Discuss the foundations and justifications formulating the colonial "philosophy of revolution."

Ironically (at least from a modern perspective), the "ideology of revolution" was initially based on the traditional rights of Englishmen. The colonists claimed that they enjoyed the same rights and protections as those who lived in England and that many of the actions of first Parliament and then the Crown violated these rights. This is why they were so angered by the Stamp Act, which essentially placed a direct tax on Americans—the Act was passed by Parliament, and, because no American colonies were represented in that body, the English constitutional tradition of taxation by consent was violated. So early on, "revolutionary" ideology centered around the violation of time-honored rights of Englishmen. By the time the Revolutionary War broke out in 1775, and certainly into 1776, a different foundation for revolutionary ideology had emerged. This was the idea that the colonists had rights not just as Englishmen, but as human beings. This was most famously expressed in the Declaration of Independence, but also by Thomas Paine in Common Sense. The argument went that all men were born with certain rights and that, since the English had violated these rights, the colonies were justified in rebelling and declaring their independence from the Crown.
https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/stamp-act

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